How to predict upper GI bleeding outcome
Acute bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract (AUGIB, Bleeding Gastrointestinal Upper Acute) is bleeding that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and from the upper parts of the Treitz of the ligament and is acute. It imposes high medical costs on
Hyperkalemia and inhibitor of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Administration
Since the introduction of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACEI) inhibitors in 1977, and when angiotensin receptor blockers (ABRs) were developed, these drugs have been used daily in the treatment of heart failure, hypertension and heart disease. Other uses of these drugs
Renal Artery Stenosis
Introduction I can remember the time when I, as a general practitioner, was called to visit a patient with history of episodes of sudden skyrocketing rise in blood pressure in an out-patient setting. He had not had any history of hypertension
Introduction to Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is an interconnected set of hormones which contribute to water, electrolytes and blood pressure homeostasis. Recently, other functions of this system have been introduced including participation in inflammatory responses, apoptosis, cell differentiation and metabolic pathways. This article was